Difference between revisions of "Programming/Linux"
| Line 30: | Line 30: | ||
5.4.0-1029-aws | 5.4.0-1029-aws | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
== How to install a package? == | |||
Use <tt>apt</tt>, the command line interface for the package management system. | |||
Before proceeding, run | |||
<pre> | |||
$ sudo apt update | |||
</pre> | |||
<tt>update</tt> is used to download package information from all configured sources. Other commands operate on this data to e.g. perform package upgrades or search in and display details about all packages available for installation. | |||
Once this is done, run | |||
<pre> | |||
$ sudo apt install emacs | |||
</pre> | |||
to install the GNU project Emacs editor, | |||
<pre> | |||
$ sudo apt install mc | |||
</pre> | |||
to install the GNU Midnight Commander. Other packages are installed in a similar manner. | |||
== What is the current directory? == | == What is the current directory? == | ||
| Line 38: | Line 58: | ||
/home/ubuntu | /home/ubuntu | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
== What are the contents of the current directory? == | |||
To list the contents of the current directory, you can use <tt>ls</tt>. In its most basic form, it's simply | |||
<pre> | |||
$ ls | |||
</pre> | |||
A useful variant is | |||
<pre> | |||
$ ls -lat | |||
</pre> | |||
where | |||
== What is my system currently doing? == | == What is my system currently doing? == | ||
Revision as of 13:25, 22 December 2020
Linux
Linux is a family of open-source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on 1991.09.17 by Linux Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution.
Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project.
Popular Linux distributions include Debian, Fedora, and Ubuntu. Commercial distributions include Red Hat Enterprise Linux and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server.
Getting started
Which Linux?
To find out which Linux distribution is running on your machine, you can use
$ hostnamectl
Static hostname: ip-172-31-24-17
Icon name: computer-vm
Chassis: vm
Machine ID: b54d0220fe634fa4a96fa3d0641ab3ea
Boot ID: 5208456664c54b09b34be6b541fa7588
Virtualization: xen
Operating System: Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS
Kernel: Linux 5.4.0-1029-aws
Architecture: x86-64
More specifically, to find out the Kernel version, you can use
$ uname -r 5.4.0-1029-aws
How to install a package?
Use apt, the command line interface for the package management system.
Before proceeding, run
$ sudo apt update
update is used to download package information from all configured sources. Other commands operate on this data to e.g. perform package upgrades or search in and display details about all packages available for installation.
Once this is done, run
$ sudo apt install emacs
to install the GNU project Emacs editor,
$ sudo apt install mc
to install the GNU Midnight Commander. Other packages are installed in a similar manner.
What is the current directory?
To find out the current directory on a Linux system, use
$ pwd /home/ubuntu
What are the contents of the current directory?
To list the contents of the current directory, you can use ls. In its most basic form, it's simply
$ ls
A useful variant is
$ ls -lat
where
What is my system currently doing?
To find out what the system is currently doing, including things such as CPU and memory utilization, you can use glances.
To install it, use
$ sudo apt update ... $ sudo apt install glances
Then run it using
$ glances
